Central Questions:

• What is/was the extent of women's civic and political engagement pre and post-1989?
• What institutions are in place to facilitate women's equal opportunities in political citizenship?
• What institutions and practices have been abandoned in the post-89 period that appeared to promote women's equal participation in governance under communism?
• What is the overall assessment of women's engagement with governance today?

Methodology: Partners will assess women's political and civic presence in parliament, national/regional/local government, political parties, trade unions, and social movements. Partners will discuss strategies for increasing women's presence in decision-making pre- and post-1989, considering the existence of quotas and current options under consideration.

Deliverables: Each partner will provide a report on the findings in their respective countries, which will be published in journals and disseminated to relevant political and civic authorities. The co-ordinator will compile the individual country reports in a cross-country comparative report.

Expected Results: This work package will identify where women are the most active and the national institutions concerned, thus setting the groundwork for the remainder of the project. It will help shape interview questions for a later work package, as questions will need to be asked about why women are active in certain areas and not in others.