Northern results do not make a united Ireland inevitable
December 2019 - The electoral map in the North is now starkly different in style and substance to that of Britain.
Dr Katy Hayward
Irish Times
Down the rabbit hole of Brexit: The odds of a no-deal divorce
December 2018 - "Let us make 'Brexit' a success," said British Prime Minister Theresa May on the night of the last Wednesday of April 2017. May's remarks came at a dinner she hosted for European Commission President Jean-Claude Juncker at 10 Downing Street for the first face-to-face talks since she triggered the two-year process of withdrawing from the European Union.
Professor Lee McGowan
Daily Sabah
Mitchell: 'DUP has lost plot if it sees some regulatory harmonisation as a slippery slope to Dublin'
December 2018 - In a November 2017 report for the Constitutional Affairs Committee of the European Parliament, Prof David Phinnemore and Dr Katy Hayward, of Queen's University Belfast, provided an overview of the Good Friday Agreement and an assessment of the potential challenges posed to its implementation by Brexit. They also considered "flexible and imaginative solutions" by which the agreement can continue to be effective.
Professor David Phinnemore and Dr Katy Hayward
Independent.ie
Opinion: Will Theresa May's vote be more likely to pass this round?
January 2019 - With only around 80 days until the United Kingdom is scheduled to leave the European Union (EU), the Brexit issue continues to dominate British politics and commentators are left speculating and making predictions about a series of possible outcomes.
Professor Lee McGowan
China Global Television Network
Uniting our Shared Island by Professor Colin Harvey…
January 2019 - The discussion of Irish unity is gaining momentum; Brexit has altered the nature of this conversation, as more people now reflect on the constitutional future. The debate is already happening, and has been ongoing for some time. That does not mean Irish unity is any closer; it simply suggests a willingness to contemplate this option and to think through the implications.
Professor Colin Harvey
Slugger O'Toole
The fine line of Brexit
January 2019 - On the 15th, the British Parliament will approve or reject the agreement between the United Kingdom and the European Union for British withdrawal from the bloc. After long deliberations and intense debates, Brexit - which has been dragging since 2016 - can literally leave....
Professor David Phinnemore
Noticias
"I am very concerned about Brexit's impact on the peace process in Northern Ireland"
January 2019 - Colin Harvey, a professor at the Queen's University School of Law in Belfast, examines the Brexit issue in a DN interview from a Northern Ireland perspective.
Professor Colin Harvey
Diário de Notícias
Keeping the Peace
January 2019 - In 1989, as the bloody conflict that was the Troubles wore on, British authorities commissioned a confidential report on the "Irish Border problem".
Professor Colin Harvey
Irish Times
Katy Hayward: Was the backstop a good idea?
January 2019 - There are but three possible outcomes to the UK’s tortuous divorce from the EU. One is that the UK leaves without a deal. Another is that the withdrawal agreement is passed and future negotiations unfold during a transition period. Or else (least likely) article 50 is revoked and the UK remains a member.
Dr Katy Hayward
Irish Times
Checks on both sides of Irish border ‘mandatory under no-deal Brexit’
January 2019 - European Union and World Trade Organization checks would be mandatory on both sides of the Irish border in the event of no-deal Brexit, one of the world’s leading experts on customs has said.
Professor David Phinnemore
The Guardian
What happens to the Irish border without a deal on Brexit?
January 2019 - The British and Irish governments have both stated that they are not preparing for a hard border between Northern Ireland and the Republic - so who is?
Professor David Phinnemore
Sky News
A united Ireland: a hard border fix that dare not speak its name
January 2019 - The discussion of Irish unity is gaining momentum. Brexit has fundamentally altered the nature of this conversation, as more people now reflect on the constitutional future. The debate is happening and has been ongoing for some time. That does not mean Irish unity is any closer; it simply suggests a willingness to contemplate this option and then to think through the implications. The intention here is to offer reflections on this evolving dialogue.
Professor Colin Harvey
RTE Brainstorm
Brexit: After humiliating defeat, Theresa May to present plan B
January 2019 - British Prime Minister Theresa May will on Monday tell parliament how she plans to proceed with Brexit after MPs on Tuesday roundly rejected her proposed deal for the country's withdrawal from the European Union.
Professor David Phinnemore
Al Jazeera
Holywell Podcast: Brexit Focus
January 2019 - Professor Colin Harvey, Professor of Human Rights Law at Queen's University Belfast, discusses the potential impact Brexit will have on Human Rights in the UK and Northern Ireland.
Professor Colin Harvey
Holywell Trust
"The paramilitaries want to show that they are back"
January 2019 - Katy Hayward is investigating the impact of Brexit on the peace process in Northern Ireland. Radical factions are still present here, she says. And they benefit from the uncertainty.
Dr Katy Hayward
Der Spiegel Online
Brexit: Radio New Zealand
January 2019 - Dr Katy Hayward speaks to Radio New Zealand about the no confidence vote in the House of Commons.
Dr Katy Hayward
Radio New Zealand
Why is Europe against changing the Brexit agreement?
February 2019 - British Prime Minister Theresa May has pledged to go back to Brussels and reopen negotiations on the withdrawal agreement with the European Union after MPs on Tuesday voted in favour of replacing the backstop - a safety net to prevent a hard Irish border - with "alternative arrangements".
Professor David Phinnemore
Al Jazeera
When Brexit Happens, Will Food Shortages and Hunger Pangs Follow?
January 2019 - Food retailers warn that supermarkets and food outlets would be the first to feel the impact of Britain crashing out of the European Union with no deal.
Dr Katy Hayward
New York Times
Irish citizen rights will be “urgently” reviewed, says May
February 2019 - British Prime Minister Theresa May said today that she has directed the Home Office to “urgently” look into how Brexit is affecting citizens rights in Northern Ireland.
Professor Colin Harvey
Irish World
The 500 kilometers of border that have become the nightmare of Brexit
February 2019 - Of all the monsters that the Brexit awoke, there is one in the shape of a snake, which stretches up to 500 kilometers and has become the nightmare of the British Government. It has been almost 20 years since the physical border separating Northern Ireland from the Republic of Ireland became invisible.
Professor Colin Harvey
El País
Brexit and the backstop – everything you need to know
February 2019 - A new report by The UK in a Changing Europe addresses all the key issues related to the backstop. Brexit and the backstop: everything you need to know is written by leading academics, who explain what the backstop is, why it’s needed, what its history is, what’s happening to the politics around it, and whether the EU might change it.
Professor David Phinnemore, Dr Katy Hayward, Professor John Garry and Professor Colin Harvey
UK in a Changing Europe
Brexit: Will only Ireland's reunification be the solution?
February 2019 - It is the key question in the whole Brexit negotiations: How can an invisible border be preserved in the former Northern Ireland Civil War region, even though the United Kingdom is leaving the European Single Market and the Customs Union?
Professor David Phinnemore
Tagblatt
What will happen to Ireland?
February 2019 - It is the key question in the whole Brexit negotiations: How can an invisible border be preserved in the former Northern Ireland Civil War region, even though the United Kingdom is leaving the European Single Market and the Customs Union?
Professor David Phinnemore
Aargauer Zeitung
No Brexit breakthrough in 'robust' May-Juncker talks in Brussels
February 2019 - Britain and the European Union (EU) have agreed to hold more talks to try to avoid a no-deal Brexit, after a "robust" meeting between Prime Minister Theresa May and European Commission chief Jean-Claude Juncker.
Professor David Phinnemore
Al Jazeera
Home Office refuses to clarify nature of review into GFA cases
February 2019 - The Home Office and the Office of the Secretary of Northern Ireland have refused to clarify the nature of their proposed review into possible Good Friday Agreement violations. Last week, Prime Minister Theresa May said she instructed the Home Office, “working closely with the Secretary of Northern Ireland”, to “urgently” look into how Brexit is affecting Irish citizens rights in Northern Ireland.
Professor Colin Harvey
Irish World
This border has become the UK's largest headache
February 2019 - I call it "Bridge over troubled water," chuckles Don Reddin with a reference to Simon and Garfunkel's hit song from 1970.
Professor Colin Harvey
Aften Posten
'Put someone here with a uniform and we'll knock him over'
February 2019 - Twenty years after the signing of the Belfast/Good Friday Agreement, Brexit divides Ireland again in two. The possible return of a border between the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland exposes the old wounds.
Professor David Phinnemore
De Tijd
The Irish Border with Dr Marie Coleman
February 2019 - Dan and Dr Marie Coleman get into the details of the border between Ireland and North Ireland. How did it come to be, how has it changed and why has it proved such a sticking point in Brexit negotiations?
Dr Marie Coleman
History Hit podcast
Brexit: In Northern Ireland, the fear of a new physical frontier
February 2019 - Will Brexit take place? Four weeks before the release date of the UK, it's still uncertainty. In Northern Ireland, an exit without agreement would lead to the creation of a new physical border with the Republic of Ireland and revive tensions between Catholics and Protestants twenty years after the implementation of a peace process that ended thirty years of civil war.
Professor Colin Harvey
Radio France Internationale
Tinned peaches, Spam, and lorry jams: 10 effects of a no-deal Brexit
March 2019 - The chances of Britain crashing out of the European Union without a deal receded somewhat this week, as the embattled UK Prime Minister Theresa May offered MPs the opportunity to vote to put off Brexit for a few weeks.
Professor Cathal McCall
Irish Independent
Irish Backstop Threatens UK's Divorce from EU and NI’s Fragile Peace
March 2019 - Here, where the Belfast-to-Dublin highway squeezes between steep, inland hills and the chilly waters of the Carlingford Lough inlet, the only sign nowadays of an international frontier is a sudden change in speed limits.
Professor Colin Harvey
The Washington Diplomat
The true cause of our backstop obsession
March 2019 - When the Withdrawal Agreement comes back to the House of Commons, the prime minister will seek to present a sturdy bridge over the stumbling block of the so-called “Irish backstop.” Why is it that the whole deal—and perhaps even the process of Brexit itself—will stand or fall on this one aspect of the 585 page Agreement?
Dr Katy Hayward
Prospect
UK accused of not honouring dual citizenship commitments
March 2019 - Northern Ireland residents who wish to assert their Irish nationality and EU citizenship rights after Brexit are inadequately protected by the Brexit Withdrawal Agreement, a delegation from Northern Ireland told the EU Brexit task force on Wednesday.
Professor Colin Harvey
The Irish Times
'Almost Brexit' in (London) Derry
March 2019 - In a month, the UK would have to leave the European Union as planned. But the political uncertainty makes many people afraid of the doom scenario: a Brexit without agreement. Our teams are travelling this week from the South East to North West to keep their finger on the pulse. We end up in the North West of Northern Ireland.
Professor David Phinnemore
Vlaamse Radio- en Televisieomroeporganisatie (VRT)
The backstop: A flexible and imaginative solution?
February 2019 - Views clearly differ about the merits or otherwise of the ‘backstop’ and what it would mean – were it to come into force – for Northern Ireland and its position within the United Kingdom.
Professor David Phinnemore
Political Studies Association
In need of a wizard, Northern Ireland gets blundering Bradley
March 2019 - The parliament building at Stormont is 365ft wide, representing one foot for each day of the year, but if she lasts in the job long enough it may also refer to the number of times Karen Bradley, Northern Ireland’s secretary of state, puts her foot in it.
Dr Katy Hayward
The Guardian
The backstop is there to protect a remarkable achievement for British diplomacy
March 2019 - One objection to the ‘Irish backstop’ in the Withdrawal Agreement is that, if it did come into effect, its provisions could only be dropped by mutual consent. David Davis, the former Brexit Secretary, recently expressed his surprise at this condition: "There is no other treaty in the world I’m aware of where a sovereign nation undertakes to join up and can only leave when the other side says so."
Dr Katy Hayward
The Telegraph
Brexit: why was the Irish border ‘backstop’ so crucial to Brexit deal defeat?
March 2019 - After a late night dash to Strasbourg on March 11, the British prime minister, Theresa May, said she had agreed “legally binding” changes to the Brexit withdrawal agreement with the European Union. Designed to avoid the UK being kept indefinitely within the so-called Irish backstop, such changes were deemed key in order for MPs to agree to the Brexit deal in parliament. But the deal was still defeated on March 12 by 149 votes. Why was the Irish backstop such a sticking point?
Dr Katy Hayward
The Conversation
Q&A: Why is the UK planning to cut tariffs on most imports in the event of a no-deal Brexit?
March 2019 - As Brexit creeps closer with no deal in place, the UK government has published contingency plans to avoid a hard border between Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland. Central to this is a unilateral commitment by the UK not to apply checks or controls on goods at the border between the two, including no customs requirements for nearly all goods.
Dr Billy Melo Araujo
The Conversation
Ireland will soon have difficult decisions to make on the Border
March 2019 - The UK has published its plans for “avoiding a hard border in Northern Ireland in a no deal scenario”. The timing of this release is quite bizarre.
Dr Katy Hayward
Irish Times
United Kingdom: DUP, missing piece of Brexit
March 2019 - Unless agreed before the EU summit on 21 and 22 March, Brexit is likely to be delayed by several months. Opposed to a third vote, House Speaker John Bercow thwarted Theresa May's plans to convince the Democratic Unionist Party (DUP) to join her cause.
Professor David Phinnemore
Le Soir
May seeks short Brexit extension at last EU summit before divorce
March 2019 - On Thursday, the final European Union summit before the United Kingdom leaves the EU is taking place and tensions are at boiling point.
Professor David Phinnemore
Al Jazeera
Northern Ireland has already lost
March 2019 - One of the biggest quarrels in the Brexit clutter is the Northern Ireland issue. It is not just a tough border scenario, but also how stable peace is in the country.
Dr Katy Hayward
NTV
Article 50 two years on
March 2019 - It’s worth recalling just what has been achieved since we triggered Article 50 two years ago today. For all the noise and drama in Parliament, we have passed the main piece of legislation to prepare the statute book for life outside the EU.
Dr Katy Hayward
UK in a Changing Europe
Dairy farmers: No-deal Brexit could put us out of business overnight
April 2019 - People living and working on the Irish border say they have no option but to prepare for a no-deal Brexit on Friday.
Dr Katy Hayward
Sky News
How Brexit resurfaces "the problems" of Northern Ireland
April 2019 - The departure of the United Kingdom from the European Union and the possibility of a border between the Irlandas has caused the voices to rise in Northern Ireland, which voted to remain community, and begin to hear the rumor of a reunification of the island Irish, which frightens the public and worries the government in Westminster that has not yet forgotten the sound of the IRA bombs during the period of "The Troubles".
Professor David Phinnemore
Dario UChile
In Northern Ireland, the possibility of Brexit revives tensions
April 2019 - Theresa May still hopes to find a solution before the Europeans. But on Thursday, the date for leaving the European Union for the United Kingdom was again postponed until October 31 .
Professor David Phinnemore
BFM TV
What next for Brexit Britain as May announces resignation as PM?
May 2019 - The UK's future and how - or whether - it will leave the European Union has been thrown into further uncertainty following Prime Minister Theresa May's announcement that she will quit as leader of the ruling Conservative Party on June 7.
Professor David Phinnemore
Al Jazeera
Voting begins in European elections
May 2019 - Voting to elect a new European Parliament got under way on Thursday as Britain and the Netherlands head to the polls.
Professor David Phinnemore
Al Jazeera
Government criticised over failure to protect Irish citizens in the North
May 2019 - Irish citizens in the North “have had enough” and want to see the Irish Government stand up for them to ensure that they do not have a “second-class version of citizenship,” an academic has said.
Professor Colin Harvey
Irish Times
Boris Johnson’s appetite for chaos could strain EU solidarity on Border
June 2019 - Whatever about Boris Johnson’s private domestic affairs and rows, we should be more concerned about his private comments on Brexit, the Border and Donald Trump.
Dr Katy Hayward
Irish Times
Brexit overshadows Northern Ireland negotiations
June 2019 - In a civil service office overshadowed by the mothballed Stormont parliament building, where schoolchildren are on guided tours are as common a sight as politicians, negotiations to revive Northern Ireland's government are staggering on.
Dr Katy Hayward
Financial Times
No-deal Brexit moves from fantasy machismo into stark reality
July 2019 - It is estimated 55,000 jobs will be at risk in Ireland if the UK crashes out of the EU. In Northern Ireland, the cost of no deal could be over 40,000 jobs (equivalent to more than 1 in 20).
Dr Katy Hayward
Irish Times
Disorderly Brexit now seen as a ‘significant risk’ by Irish finance minister
July 2019 - The Irish finance minister has warned that his government is stepping up preparations given the “significant risk” of a disorderly Brexit.
Dr Katy Hayward
CNBC
Will the UK break because of the "Brexit"?
August 2019 - A divorce without agreement between London and Brussels could also mean a break with Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland. Independence voices sound louder and louder.
Dr Katy Hayward
Deutsche Welle
Fintan O’Toole: Ireland can stop a no-deal Brexit. Here’s how
August 2019 - Ireland, North and South, is facing a political and economic crisis. But the key to preventing it lies in Irish hands. One Irish political party has the power to change the balance of power at Westminster and to alter the dynamics of British politics, prevent a no-deal Brexit, avoid a hard UK-Ireland border and save the economy of Northern Ireland from catastrophe.
Dr Katy Hayward
Irish Times
Brexit in Northern Ireland: the danger of a hard border
August 2019 - The entire United Kingdom will suffer from Brexit, but in Northern Ireland they are deeply concerned about the risk of an exit without agreement. Cathal McCall, professor at Queen´s University Belfast, analyzes the delicate situation in the region
Professor Cathal McCall
La Razón
Is the Queen about to rule Little Britain soon?
August 2019 - After tough Brexit à la Boris Johnson, Scotland or Northern Ireland may want to say goodbye to the United Kingdom. The centrifugal forces grow. Is the disunited "Great Britain" before the reduction?
Dr Katy Hayward
Deutsche Welle
Recent no-deal threats show dangerous disregard for Northern Ireland and its fragile peace
August 2019 - The backstop is intended to protect hard-won peace; no deal would jeopardise it. Any warning of “imminent potential disaster” from a collective of civic bodies should give pause for thought. If such a warning comes from within a fragile post-conflict society, it should stop the government in its tracks.
Dr Katy Hayward
The UK in a Changing Europe
How the 'neithers' could decide Northern Ireland's political fate
August 2019 - Fifty years after the tribalism of the Troubles, the ‘non-aligned’ are likely to determine the outcome of any referendum on unification with the Republic of Ireland
Dr Katy Hayward
The Guardian
Northern Ireland has become emblematic of the UK’s Brexit project
August 2019 - It was only a matter of time before the British government would have to come to a decision. Would it downplay Northern Ireland’s importance to the withdrawal process or play up its significance for the Brexit project as a whole? It has chosen the latter.
Dr Katy Hayward
The Irish Times
Brexit under new direction
July 2019 - Boris Johnson assumes the British government promising to leave the European Union with or without a deal. It lacks an agreement with the opposition within the Conservative Party.
Professor David Phinnemore
Veja
Experts on the election of Johnson: It increases the risk of Britain leaving the Union without agree
July 2019 - Boris Johnson has officially become Conservative Party leader today and will be another British Prime Minister tomorrow. But what does this mean for a country and its work in the Union?
Professor David Phinnemore
Pravda
Will the UK impose 'direct rule' in Northern Ireland?
September 2019 - Speculation is mounting that the British government could impose a "direct rule" in Northern Ireland as the clock ticks towards a potential "no-deal" Brexit on October 31.
Professor David Phinnemore
Al Jazeera
Who is John Bercow? The speaker in the eye of the Brexit storm
September 2019 - As Britain's strained politics enter a critical phase with the clock ticking down to the country's departure from the European Union without a deal, a key actor in the Brexit drama has taken centre stage.
Professor David Phinnemore
Al Jazeera
RTE Brexit Republic Podcast: Leo Varadkar and Boris Johnson square off in Dublin
September 2019 - Another tumultuous week, which superlatives fail to adequately describe. Assessing all the latest Brexit developments, from Brussels, London and Belfast, are RTÉ's Tony Connelly and Sean Whelan, and Professor David Phinnemore, Professor of European Politics at Queen's University Belfast.
Professor David Phinnemore
RTE Brexit Republic Podcast
50 days out from Brexit, could a NI-specific backstop be the key to a deal?
September 2019 - Not for the first time in the Brexit process, there’s a strong sense of ‘déjà vu’ in the air. Also familiar at this stage is the accompanying feeling of bewilderment.
Dr Katy Hayward
theJournal.ie
Can an 'anti-democratic' Brexit backstop ever aspire to have genuine legitimacy?
September 2019 - Northern Ireland's close ties with the Republic mean there can never be a clean break between the UK and EU, argue Dr Katy Hayward and Professor David Phinnemore.
Professor David Phinnemore and Dr Katy Hayward
Belfast Telegraph
The biggest obstacle to a workable backstop alternative lies not in the EU, but the UK
September 2019 - Northern Ireland's close ties with the Republic mean there can never be a clean break between the UK and EU, argue Dr Katy Hayward and Professor David Phinnemore.
Dr Katy Hayward
UK in a Changing Europe
Why Johnson and Brussels are so far apart on Brexit
September 2019 - Prime minister's solution to EU customs conundrum has not been tried anywhere on earth.
Dr Katy Hayward
Financial Times
Johnson’s unworkable Brexit plan won’t solve the Northern Ireland border issue
October 2019 - Compromises always involve discomfort. In a typical negotiation, both sides can arrive at a compromise on the understanding that, for each of them, the benefits of doing so outweigh the costs.
Dr Katy Hayward
The Guardian
The Border into Brexit Survey
October 2019 - The summary of the interim findings of this round, ‘The Border Into Brexit: Perspectives from local communities in the Central Border Region of Ireland/Northern Ireland’.
Dr Katy Hayward
Queen's University Belfast
1,000 days with no Stormont
October 2019 - Northern Ireland has now been without a government for 1,000 days. How long it will be before a new Northern Ireland Executive is established and the Northern Ireland Assembly convenes again is anybody’s guess.
Professor David Phinnemore
The UK in a Changing Europe
Breached or protected? The principle of consent in NI and the UK government’s Brexit proposals
October 2019 - The UK government published a policy paper this week that attempts to counter unionist concerns about the Withdrawal Agreement and its potential impact on Northern Ireland’s place in the United Kingdom.
Professor David Phinnemore and Dr Katy Hayward
LSE Blog
UK's Johnson scores rare win - but Brexiters' joy is short-lived
October 2019 - British PM puts EU withdrawal bill on hold as UK awaits word from Brussels on possible three-month Brexit delay.
Professor David Phinnemore
Al Jazeera
UK MPs set for crucial vote on Johnson's revised Brexit deal
October 2019 - Prime minister secured a new Brexit withdrawal agreement with the European Union on Thursday.
Professor David Phinnemore
Al Jazeera
Ireland is in danger of becoming a smuggling nest
October 2019 - The Brexit deal of Boris Johnson is particularly hard on Northern Ireland. While the Protestants feel sold out and the Catholics are already dreaming aloud of reunification with the Republic, criminal smuggling gangs are rubbing their hands. "This compromise encourages abuse."
Professor David Phinnemore
De Tijd
Why this 'Schrödinger's Brexit deal' has more than one father
October 2019 - After a dramatic morning, the throng of reporters were keen to hear from the Taoiseach.
Professor David Phinnemore
thejournal.ie
Brexit: The end of the beginning
October 2019 - Deal or no deal, the UK actually leaving the EU will not end the Brexit saga. Leaving is just the end of the beginning.
Professor David Phinnemore
Agenda NI
Breakup of UK a price worth paying for Brexit, say Leave voters in poll
November 2019 - A large majority of Leave voters think the breakup of the United Kingdom is a price worth paying for Brexit, according to a Sky News poll.
Dr Katy Hayward
Sky News
The DUP knows it will have to carry the burden of Brexit
October 2019 - The very existence of Northern Ireland means that a “clean break” Brexit was never possible. A hard, sharp Brexit for the whole of the UK cannot be done without causing fatal damage to the union.
Dr Katy Hayward
The Guardian
Brexit: the manifestos uncovered
December 2019 - When it comes to Brexit, what stands out from the various offerings is the sheer breadth of what is on offer. From getting it done to cancelling it altogether, from a relatively loose relationship with the EU to continued membership.
Dr Katy Hayward
The UK in a Changing Europe
Boris Johnson’s Conservatives win majority in UK election – experts react
December 2019 - Boris Johnson’s Conservative Party has won a large majority in the 2019 general election. Labour Party leader Jeremy Corbyn has confirmed that he will not lead his party in any future elections but will stay on during a period of reflection about what happened in this campaign.
Dr Katy Hayward
The Conversation
Brexit, transition and Northern Ireland
December 2019 - The Conservative majority means that the withdrawal agreement should now have a relatively smooth passage through Parliament. The European Parliament will then give its consent and the parliamentary hurdles to the UK’s withdrawal from the EU will have been completed.
Professor David Phinnemore
The UK in a Changing Europe
The very basis on which NI was created has been ripped up by the election
December 2019 - As the UK enters a new era of electoral politics – the end of centrism, the end of the left as we know it, the end of EU membership – Northern Ireland is also changing, but in a very different way.
Dr Katy Hayward
Journal.ie